See schryven in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "shrive"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schrife"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schrive"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "(s)kreybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *(s)kreybʰ-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċrīfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċrīfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skrīban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skrīban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skrībaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skrībaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "scribo",
"4": "scrībāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin scrībāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*skreiβō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *skreiβō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "confitēri",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Latin confitēri",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *(s)kreybʰ-\nFrom Old English sċrīfan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrīban, from Proto-Germanic *skrībaną, from Latin scrībāre, from Proto-Italic *skreiβō.\nThe sense \"give thanks\" is a semantic loan from Latin confitēri.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schryveth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schroven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrevyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssriwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrifenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrife",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrife",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryfe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrywe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "schryven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schryveth",
"2": "schryvynge",
"3": "schrof",
"4": "schryven"
},
"expansion": "schryven (third-person singular simple present schryveth, present participle schryvynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schrof, past participle schryven)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schryv",
"2": "schrof",
"3": "schryv",
"3a": "schrov",
"3a2": "schrev",
"4": "schryv",
"4a": "schrev",
"c": "1",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schryvere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schryvynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
109
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"english": "And then when paper and ink was brought, then Gawaine was set up weakly by King Arthur, for he was shriven a little to-fore; and then he wrote thus, as the French book maketh mention",
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XXI, Chapter ii, leaf 421v:",
"text": "And thenne whan paper & ynke was broughte thenne Gawayn was set vp weykely by kynge Arthur for he was shryuen a lytel tofore and thenne he wrote thus as the Frensshe book maketh mencyon",
"translation": "And then when paper and ink was brought, then Gawaine was set up weakly by King Arthur, for he was shriven a little to-fore; and then he wrote thus, as the French book maketh mention",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confess (admit one's sins at confession)"
],
"id": "en-schryven-enm-verb-HfFiu3jb",
"links": [
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"admit",
"admit#English"
],
[
"sin",
"sin#English"
],
[
"confession",
"confession#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive; especially reflexive) To confess (admit one's sins at confession)"
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive",
"especially",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 50 6 0 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "enm:Theology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hear the sacrament of confession."
],
"id": "en-schryven-enm-verb-OhCHKr3c",
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
],
[
"sacrament",
"sacrament"
],
[
"confession",
"confession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To hear the sacrament of confession."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To administer absolution or penance for a confession."
],
"id": "en-schryven-enm-verb-KPHk3cHc",
"links": [
[
"administer",
"administer"
],
[
"absolution",
"absolution"
],
[
"penance",
"penance"
],
[
"confession",
"confession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To administer absolution or penance for a confession."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To confess or admit."
],
"id": "en-schryven-enm-verb-Jbi5t151",
"links": [
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"admit",
"admit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, by extension) To confess or admit."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 5 5 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 2 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 2 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 3 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 50 6 0 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "enm:Theology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give praise or thanks (usually to God)."
],
"id": "en-schryven-enm-verb-h68I~80F",
"links": [
[
"praise",
"praise"
],
[
"thank",
"thank"
],
[
"God",
"God#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To give praise or thanks (usually to God)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃriːvən/"
}
],
"word": "schryven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 1 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English semantic loans from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kreybʰ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Theology"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "shrive"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schrife"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schrive"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "(s)kreybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *(s)kreybʰ-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċrīfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċrīfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skrīban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skrīban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skrībaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skrībaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "scribo",
"4": "scrībāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin scrībāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*skreiβō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *skreiβō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "confitēri",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Latin confitēri",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *(s)kreybʰ-\nFrom Old English sċrīfan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrīban, from Proto-Germanic *skrībaną, from Latin scrībāre, from Proto-Italic *skreiβō.\nThe sense \"give thanks\" is a semantic loan from Latin confitēri.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schryveth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schrof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schroven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schrove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schryven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schreven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrevyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schryve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssriwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scriven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrifenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "schryvyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrife",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scrive",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrif",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shrife",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shryfe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schrywe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "schryven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schryveth",
"2": "schryvynge",
"3": "schrof",
"4": "schryven"
},
"expansion": "schryven (third-person singular simple present schryveth, present participle schryvynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schrof, past participle schryven)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schryv",
"2": "schrof",
"3": "schryv",
"3a": "schrov",
"3a2": "schrev",
"4": "schryv",
"4a": "schrev",
"c": "1",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "schryvere"
},
{
"word": "schryvynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English reflexive verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
109
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"english": "And then when paper and ink was brought, then Gawaine was set up weakly by King Arthur, for he was shriven a little to-fore; and then he wrote thus, as the French book maketh mention",
"ref": "1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XXI, Chapter ii, leaf 421v:",
"text": "And thenne whan paper & ynke was broughte thenne Gawayn was set vp weykely by kynge Arthur for he was shryuen a lytel tofore and thenne he wrote thus as the Frensshe book maketh mencyon",
"translation": "And then when paper and ink was brought, then Gawaine was set up weakly by King Arthur, for he was shriven a little to-fore; and then he wrote thus, as the French book maketh mention",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To confess (admit one's sins at confession)"
],
"links": [
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"admit",
"admit#English"
],
[
"sin",
"sin#English"
],
[
"confession",
"confession#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive; especially reflexive) To confess (admit one's sins at confession)"
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive",
"especially",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To hear the sacrament of confession."
],
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
],
[
"sacrament",
"sacrament"
],
[
"confession",
"confession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To hear the sacrament of confession."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To administer absolution or penance for a confession."
],
"links": [
[
"administer",
"administer"
],
[
"absolution",
"absolution"
],
[
"penance",
"penance"
],
[
"confession",
"confession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To administer absolution or penance for a confession."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To confess or admit."
],
"links": [
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"admit",
"admit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, by extension) To confess or admit."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give praise or thanks (usually to God)."
],
"links": [
[
"praise",
"praise"
],
[
"thank",
"thank"
],
[
"God",
"God#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To give praise or thanks (usually to God)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃriːvən/"
}
],
"word": "schryven"
}
Download raw JSONL data for schryven meaning in Middle English (9.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.